達賴喇嘛九十華誕：我們心中的西藏與轉世的未來

最近達賴喇嘛剛過九十歲生日，真是讓人心疼又感動。我想這不僅是他個人的里程碑，更是全球藏人社群一個重要的時刻。在這個特別的日子裡，大家都在關注一個最核心的問題：達賴喇嘛的轉世問題，還有西藏的未來。

Recently, the Dalai Lama celebrated his 90th birthday, which is both heartwarming and moving. I believe this is not only a personal milestone for him but also a significant moment for the global Tibetan community. On this special day, everyone is focused on a core issue: the Dalai Lama’s reincarnation and the future of Tibet.

達賴喇嘛明確地說了，達賴喇嘛的轉世制度會延續下去。他強調只有他的辦公室擁有尋找和認證繼任者的「唯一權力」，任何人都無權干涉。這擺明了是在向北京喊話，因為中共一直都聲稱只有他們才有權力批准下一任達賴喇嘛，這很荒謬，一個無神論的政黨怎麼能干涉宗教事務呢？大家應該都清楚，中國是想把達賴喇嘛的影響力徹底消除掉。

The Dalai Lama has clearly stated that the institution of the Dalai Lama will continue. He emphasized that only his office has the “sole authority” to find and recognize his successor, and no one else has the right to interfere. This is clearly a message to Beijing, as the Chinese Communist Party has always claimed they alone have the authority to approve the next Dalai Lama, which is absurd – how can an atheist party meddle in religious affairs? Everyone should understand that China aims to completely eradicate the Dalai Lama’s influence.

歷史上他們就有「藍圖」了，回想一下 1989 年班禪喇嘛圓寂後，達賴喇嘛認定的靈童就被中國綁架了，然後中共扶植了他們自己的班禪喇嘛。現在，連中國領導人習近平都還去會見了這位由政府任命的班禪喇嘛。這讓我真的很擔心，未來會不會出現「兩個達賴喇嘛」，一個是流亡政府認可的，一個是北京推出來的？如果真這樣，國際社會會承認哪一個呢？我想，大多數藏人，還有國際社會，肯定不會承認中共強行推出來的那個。

They already have a “blueprint” from history; recall that after the Panchen Lama passed away in 1989, the Dalai Lama’s recognized reincarnation was abducted by China, and then the CCP installed their own Panchen Lama. Now, even Chinese leader Xi Jinping has met with this government-appointed Panchen Lama. This truly makes me worried about whether there will be “two Dalai Lamas” in the future—one recognized by the exile government and one promoted by Beijing? If that happens, which one will the international community recognize? I believe most Tibetans, and the international community, definitely won’t acknowledge the one forcibly imposed by the CCP.

達賴喇嘛在流亡中建立的民主制度，真是讓人佩服。他從 20 世紀 50 年代就開始構建這個制度，甚至在 2011 年完全放棄了自己的政治權力，交給民選的政府。這是一個不依賴於單一領袖的體制，就是為了抵禦北京的打壓，確保流亡藏人在爭取自由和自治的努力中能繼續前行。流亡政府管理著學校、診所、寺院和養老院等等，努力保存藏人的傳統。

The democratic system established by the Dalai Lama in exile is truly admirable. He began building this system in the 1950s, and even completely relinquished his political power to an elected government in 2011. This is a system that does not rely on a single leader, precisely to resist Beijing’s suppression and ensure that Tibetans in exile can continue their efforts to gain freedom and autonomy. The exile government manages schools, clinics, monasteries, and nursing homes, striving to preserve Tibetan traditions.

雖然流亡政府在印度得到了不少支持，但他們也面臨很多挑戰，像是美國的援助減少了，還有年輕一代的藏人對故土的聯繫越來越弱。畢竟他們很多都是在印度出生的，從未見過自己的家鄉。這種情況下，達賴喇嘛的精神領袖地位就更加重要了，他是凝聚和團結藏人運動的力量。

Although the exile government has received significant support in India, they also face many challenges, such as reduced aid from the US, and weakening ties to their homeland for younger generations of Tibetans. After all, many of them were born in India and have never seen their homeland. In this situation, the Dalai Lama’s position as a spiritual leader becomes even more crucial; he is the force that unifies and strengthens the Tibetan movement.

反觀在中國境內的西藏，情況真是讓人心疼。寺院裡有派出所和密密麻麻的監控鏡頭。僧人告訴我們，他們的處境並不好，「中國政府毒害了西藏的空氣」，藏人被剝奪了基本人權，持續受到壓迫與迫害。連達賴喇嘛的名字都不敢公開提起。中共還通過教育來同化藏人，要求 18 歲以下的兒童必須去政府辦的學校學普通話，年滿 18 歲才能學佛教經文。這根本就是在試圖把藏族文化變成一隻「貴賓犬」，移除那些被認為有風險的元素，然後灌輸「愛國、忠誠」的價值觀。

In contrast, the situation inside Tibet under Chinese rule is truly heartbreaking. Monasteries have police stations and dense surveillance cameras. Monks told us that their situation is not good; “the Chinese government has poisoned Tibet’s air,” Tibetans are deprived of basic human rights, and continuously oppressed and persecuted. Even the Dalai Lama’s name cannot be publicly mentioned. The CCP also assimilates Tibetans through education, requiring children under 18 to attend government schools to learn Mandarin, and they cannot study Buddhist scriptures until they are 18. This is clearly an attempt to turn Tibetan culture into a “poodle,” removing elements deemed risky and instead instilling values of “patriotism and loyalty”.

在阿壩這樣的抗議中心，當地民眾即使只是跟 BBC 記者說幾句話，都可能惹上麻煩。到處都是人臉識別和高清攝像頭，藏人幾乎與外部世界完全隔絕。這種高壓統治和文化侵蝕，讓我很難過。

In protest centers like Aba, local residents can get into trouble even for just speaking a few words to BBC journalists. There are facial recognition systems and high-definition cameras everywhere, and Tibetans are almost completely cut off from the outside world. This high-pressure rule and cultural erosion make me feel very sad.

我想說的是，國際社會真的需要更多地關注西藏問題。達賴喇嘛為西藏人民爭取自治和文化宗教自由奮鬥了這麼多年，但他年事已高，未來的轉世問題將是巨大的挑戰。我們不能讓中共的政治操弄得逞，也不能讓藏傳佛教的傳承被他們控制。

What I want to say is that the international community truly needs to pay more attention to the Tibet issue. The Dalai Lama has fought for autonomy, cultural, and religious freedom for the Tibetan people for so many years, but he is aging, and the future issue of reincarnation will be a huge challenge. We cannot let the CCP’s political manipulation succeed, nor can we allow the inheritance of Tibetan Buddhism to be controlled by them.

西藏人民為了守護自己的身份認同，已經奮鬥甚至犧牲了 75 年。即使現在資訊被嚴密封鎖，他們的掙扎和痛苦也應該被世界看見。我真心希望，全世界能夠一同支持西藏人民，讓他們早日實現真正的獨立與民主，讓藏傳佛教的燈火在自由的土地上永遠燃燒。

The Tibetan people have fought and even sacrificed for 75 years to protect their identity. Even with information severely blocked now, their struggles and suffering should be seen by the world. I sincerely hope that the world can unite to support the Tibetan people, allowing them to achieve true independence and democracy soon, and letting the light of Tibetan Buddhism burn forever in a free land.